People Resistance
Click on PDF below for interview
| soberanis_interview_1974.pdf |
Click on images below for music about MARCUS GARVEY
Burning Spear "Marcus Garvey"
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Perfect "Black Marcus"
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Tarrus Riley "Marcus Garvey"
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TEST 5 Study Guide
| 1950_1972_bz_guat.pdf |
How The USA Became a Superpower
click on image below to see video
Why did the british empire collapse?
click on image below to see video
TEST 4 Study Guide
Test 4 will cover From Papal Bull (1493) to Exchange of Notes (1931), the first two of five sections from our Road To The ICJ lessons. You can review the three PDF files below which is where the TEST context comes from.
Papal Bull + Cutting Logwood MAPS 1859 Treaty to 1931 Exchange of Notes
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ROAD TO THE ICJ
Part 1 - Historical background
Study Guide Test 3
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revolution | ||||
Study Guide Test 2
Please find below the Study Guide for Test #2 From Abolition of Slave Trade to the 1894 Riots. The work below was produced by Curt Smith, 2F.
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Jose Marti reader
download eBOOK below
| Jose Marti.pdf |
Emancipation to 1894 riots
download PDF slide show below
| emancipation_to_1894.pdf |
GEORGE PRICE @100
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George Price would have been 100 years only on 15thJanuary 2019. He is a graduate of St. John’s College. On this special moment we would like you to write two short reflections (OTHER GRADE) on these two questions:
Who is George Price to You? What were some of the spiritual values of George Price? You can ask older people for advise on this question like your parents or grandparents.
click on FILE above to download the free eBOOK
GEORGE PRICE: Journey of a Belizean Hero by Meg Craig and Yasser Musa |
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slavery in BELIZE
Origins: The earliest record of enslaved Africans in the Settlement at the Bay of Honduras (Belize) is from a Spanish missionary in 1724. He reported they had been "introduced but a short time before from Jamaica and Bermuda."
Most of the enslaved Africans were brought to Belize by the British in the late 18th century from the West Indies. Often they came through "markets" in Jamaica but some were brought directly from Africa or from the United States.
At that time most of the enslaved Africans were taken from the Niger and Cross Delta regions in the Bight of Benin (present day Nigeria) in West Africa and from further south in the Congo and Angola.
In 1850 enslaved Africans in Belize still identified themselves according to the tribes they came from in Africa. It was stated that there were in Belize "Congoes, Nangoes, Mongolas, Ashantees, Eboes...." One section of Belize Town was know through the first half of the 19th Century as Eboe Town.
Most of the enslaved Africans were brought to Belize by the British in the late 18th century from the West Indies. Often they came through "markets" in Jamaica but some were brought directly from Africa or from the United States.
At that time most of the enslaved Africans were taken from the Niger and Cross Delta regions in the Bight of Benin (present day Nigeria) in West Africa and from further south in the Congo and Angola.
In 1850 enslaved Africans in Belize still identified themselves according to the tribes they came from in Africa. It was stated that there were in Belize "Congoes, Nangoes, Mongolas, Ashantees, Eboes...." One section of Belize Town was know through the first half of the 19th Century as Eboe Town.
EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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TEST 4 - Study Area
There will be 5 areas of questions on the test:
(1) West Africa at time of Euro-Christian Atlantic Slavery.
(2) Olaudah Equiano - An African voice
(3) Maya Depredations on Mahogany Works.
(4) What is land? Perspectives (European/Indigeneous) and
(5) Belize Town as centre of POWER for British colonial project.
(1) West Africa at time of Euro-Christian Atlantic Slavery.
(2) Olaudah Equiano - An African voice
(3) Maya Depredations on Mahogany Works.
(4) What is land? Perspectives (European/Indigeneous) and
(5) Belize Town as centre of POWER for British colonial project.
MAYA vs the BRITISH
“The land has an owner? How’s that? How is it to be sold? How is it to be bought? If it does not belong to us, well, what? We are of it. We are its children. So it is always, always. The land is alive. As it nurtures the worms, so it nurtures us. It has bones and blood. It has milk and gives us suck. It has hair, grass straw, trees. It knows how to give birth to potatoes. It brings to birth houses. It brings to birth people. It looks after us and we look after it. It drinks chicha, accepts our invitation. We are its children. How is it to be sold? How bought?”
Eduardo Galeano
quoting an indigenous group
Eduardo Galeano
quoting an indigenous group
Africa and Belize
Assignment below: submit to the GOOGLE Classroom by Sunday 4 November 2018
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Olaudah Equiano
(c. 1745 – 31 March 1797), known in his lifetime as Gustavus Vassa was a writer and abolitionist from the Igbo region of what is today southeastern Nigeria according to his memoir, or from South Carolina according to other sources. Enslaved as a child, he was taken to the Caribbean and sold as a slave to a captain in the Royal Navy, and later to a Quaker trader. Eventually, he earned his own freedom in 1766 by intelligent trading and careful savings. He was a prominent abolitionist in the British movement to end the Atlantic slave trade. His autobiography, The Interesting Narrative of the Life Of Olaudah Equiano, published in 1789, helped in the creation of the Slave Trade Act 1801 which ended the transatlantic slave trade for Britain and its colonies. |
Click on image below to see video on Dahomey Women Warriors
The various narratives about the early Settlement of the Bay of Honduras most often focuses on the British and their Pirate/Buccaneer ways. However, very little is done to put into context the African peoples who were enslaved by the British and brought to work in the forests of Belize. By 1790 over 90% of the population of the British settlement were Africans. It should also be noted that the Maya were not factored in on the official census.
Before we examine slavery in Belize it is important to know something about West Africa at the time of the Trans Atlantic Trade system developed by the Europeans.
Before we examine slavery in Belize it is important to know something about West Africa at the time of the Trans Atlantic Trade system developed by the Europeans.
Assignment: Draw a Map of Africa and label 5 key areas of different peoples and cultures in the 15th and 16th centuries. Make an infographic giving key achievements and characteristics of those spaces and peoples. (20 points/ Homework grade)
Test 3 study area
Download class presentation slide show below (PDF). Study only to page 19. Also study the two cartoons by Huabin Luo and Jose Colindres.
| deh_british_di_come.pdf |
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CUTTING and PROCESSING MAHOGANY FOR BRITISH
Di BRITISH DI STAY
MAPS = documents of power
READING:
Read pages 28 - 31 from your textbook |
BELIZE: MAP OF A PART OF YUCATAN, PART OF THE EASTERN SHORE WITHIN THE BAY OF HONDURAS ALLOTTED TO GT.
BRITAIN FOR THE CUTTING OF LOGWOOD IN CONSEQUENCE OF THE CONVENTION SIGNED 14 JULY 1786. BY A BAY-MAN. The map covers what is approximately the northern half of modern Belize (from Dangriga northwards), which was then the focus of British interest in the region. While far from being scientifically precise, the map is nevertheless broadly accurate, with major features placed roughly in the correct place and interrelation, rendering the map of considerable practical use. |
population - 1620s to 1790 (according to the british)
Sources: ABH: Archives of British Honduras; CO: Colonial Office; PP: Parliamentary Papers; Dobson, 1973, p. 338 (population figures) and A History of Belize, Nation in the Making, 1995 (for information on the main economic and historical events that influenced demographics)
STUDENT STORies
Huabin Luo 2F
Jose Colindres 2F
British di COME (unit 3)
"old pirates yes they rob I, sold I to the merchant ships..." - Bob Marley
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DRIVING QUESTIONS:
1. Explain the reasons for the coming of the British to the territory that is now Belize. 2. Explain the two primary reasons why the British stayed in British Honduras. | ||
caribbean pirates
click on image below for full VIDEO
Test 2 - Study area
1491-1492-1493 + Spanish Invasion of the Yucatan
| SPANISH invasion.pdf |
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Map above shows the Americas and three big areas of civilisation before the European invasion and colonisation project.
1491 + 1492 + 1493 and beyond
...Test 2- study area ends
DOWLOAD
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AMERICA 1491
click image below for VIDEO
When the Europeans stepped ashore in 1492, millions of people were already living HERE. America wasn't exactly a "New World," but a very old one whose inhabitants had built a vast infrastructure of cities, civilisations, orchards, canals and causeways.
BELIZEAN HISTORY
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COAT OF ARMS
1929 2018
The coat of arms of Belize was adopted upon independence, and the current coat of arms is somewhat different from that used when Belize was a British colony.
The circular border of the coat is formed by fifty leaves. Within the circle is a mahogany tree, in front of which is a shield tierced per pall inverted. Within the shield are the tools of a woodcutter in the upper sections and a ship in the lower one. These are symbolic of the importance of mahogany in the 18th- and 19th-century Belizean economy.
The shield is supported by two men of different shades of brown. The one on the left is holding an axe, while the one on the right is holding an oar. Again the importance of the mahogany and its importance to boat building are represented.
At the bottom is the national motto: SUB UMBRA FLOREO ("Under the shade I flourish").
The flag of Belize features the coat of arms in its centre.
The circular border of the coat is formed by fifty leaves. Within the circle is a mahogany tree, in front of which is a shield tierced per pall inverted. Within the shield are the tools of a woodcutter in the upper sections and a ship in the lower one. These are symbolic of the importance of mahogany in the 18th- and 19th-century Belizean economy.
The shield is supported by two men of different shades of brown. The one on the left is holding an axe, while the one on the right is holding an oar. Again the importance of the mahogany and its importance to boat building are represented.
At the bottom is the national motto: SUB UMBRA FLOREO ("Under the shade I flourish").
The flag of Belize features the coat of arms in its centre.
BORDER TO BORDER
CLICK ON IMAGE ABOVE FOR VIDEO
THINKING LIKE A HISTORIAN
click on images below to see videos of: (Belize Independence 1981, Evolution of Photo Cameras, 1945 Atomic Bombing of Japan Cities, and Native Americans speaking about RACE.
TURNING POINT |
CHANGE AND CONTINUITY |
CAUSE AND EFFECT |
THROUGH THEIR EYES |
slide presentation #1 - Belizean History
| bh_1.pdf |
